相信目前很多小伙伴對于什么叫同位語?都比較感興趣，那么小洋洋今天在網上也是收集了一些與什么叫同位語?相關的信息來分享給大家，希望能夠幫助到大家哦。

1、一、在復合句中用作同位語的從句叫同位語從句.它一般跟在某些名詞后面,用以說明該名詞表示的具體內容.如：
I heard the news that our team had won．我聽到了我們隊獲勝的消息.
I had no idea that you were here．我不知道你在這里.
二、可以跟同位語從句的名詞通常有new,idea,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message,suggestion,word（消息）,possibility等.如：
I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon． 我從王先生那里來,他讓我告訴你他今天下午不能來看你了.
三、英語中引導同位語從句的詞通有連詞 that,whether,連接副詞 how,when,where等.（注：if,which 不能引導同位語從句.）如：
l have no idea When he will be back．我不知道他什么時候回來.
He must answer the question whether he agrees to if or not.
他必須回答他是否同意這樣一個問題.
四、有時同位語從句可以不緊跟在說明的名詞后面,而被別的詞隔開. 如：
Several years later,word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them．
幾年以后,有消息傳來說拿破侖要親自視 察他們.
The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city．
他突然想起可能敵人已經逃出城了.
五、同位語從匈與定語從句的區(qū)別.
同位語從句與前面的名詞是同位關系,即說明它前面名詞的內容；而定語從句與前面的名詞是修飾與被修飾關系,即限定它前面的名詞范圍,或補充一些情況.如：
The news that l hove passed the exam is true．我通過了考試這一消息是真的.
（同位語從句,即從句所表達的意思就是前面名詞的內容.）
The news that he told me just now is true．他剛才告訴我的消息是真的.
（定語從句,從句對前面名詞起修飾限制作用,即“他告訴我的”那個消息,而不是別的消息.）
2、引導同位語從句的that是連詞,在從句中不充當任何成份,而引導定語從句的that是關系代詞,除起連接作用外,還在從句中充當主語、賓語或表語等.如：
The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.
計算機能夠識別人的聲音的想法使許多人感到驚奇.（that在從句中不充當任何成份.）
The idea that he gave surprises many people．他提出的觀點令許多人感到吃驚.
（that在從句中作gave的賓語.）
同位語從句和定語從句的三點區(qū)別
同位語從句和定語從句很相似,但還是有區(qū)別的,區(qū)別主要在以下三方面:
1. 從詞類上區(qū)別
同位語從句前面的名詞只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibility,promise,order等有一定內涵的名詞?而定語從句的先行詞可以是名詞?代詞?主句的一部分或是整個主句?如:
The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed.人們經常討論大多數(shù)勞動力將會在家里工作的可能性?(同位語從句)
We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting. 我們正在調查的問題不是他是否值得信賴的問題?(同位語從句)
Word came that he had been abroad. 據說他已經出國了?(同位語從句)
Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. 我們的隊贏了,這讓我們很高興?(定語從句)
The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. 你找的那位醫(yī)生在房間里面?(定語從句)
His mother did all she could to help him with his study. 他媽媽盡她的最大努力幫助他的學習?(定語從句,代詞all作先行詞?)
2. 從性質上區(qū)別
定語從句是從句對其先行詞的修飾或限制,屬于形容詞性從句的范疇;而同位語從句是從句對前面抽象名詞的進一步的說明和解釋,屬于名詞性從句的范疇?如:
The news that our team has won the game was true. 我們隊贏了那場比賽的消息是真的?(同位語從句,補充說明news到底是一個什么消息?)
The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告訴我的那個消息是真的?(定語從句,news在從句中作told的賓語?)
I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich. 我許諾如果誰讓我自由,我就讓他非常富有?(同位語從句,補充說明promise到底是一個什么諾言?)
The mother made a promise that pleased all her children. 媽媽做出了一個令她的孩子們高興的許諾?(定語從句,promise在從句中作pleased的主語?)
3. 從引導詞及其在句子中的成分上區(qū)別
有些引導詞如how, whether, what可以引導同位語從句,但不能引導定語從句?如:
That question whether we need it has not been considered. 我們是否需要它這個問題還沒有考慮?(同位語從句)
I have no idea what has happened to him. 我不知道他發(fā)生了什么事?(同位語從句)
引導詞that引導定語從句時,在從句中一般作主語或賓語(指物時還可以用which代替),并且作賓語時常常省略?that在同位語從句中僅起連接作用,不充當任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which來代替?如:
The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 我們應派幾個人去幫別的幾個小組的命令昨天收到了?(同位語從句,是對order的具體解釋,that雖不作成分,但不能省略?)
The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. 我們昨天收到的命令是我們應該派幾個人去幫助別的幾個小組?(定語從句,是名詞order的修飾語,that在從句中作received的賓語,可以省略?)
最后我們在一起來做三道練習題:
1. Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas.(2004上海春季高考)
A. which B. that
C. what D. whether
2. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ____ I thought was a dangerous speed. (2004上海春季高考)
A. as B. which
C. what D. that
3. Luckily,we'd brought a road map without ____ we would have lost our way. (2004北京春季高考)
A. it B. that
C. this D. which
答案:1. B 2. B 3. D。

本文到此結束，希望對大家有所幫助。

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